吸收提純法：利用有機(jī)胺溶液(一級胺、二級胺、三級胺、空間位阻胺等)與二氧化碳的物理化學(xué)吸收特性來實現(xiàn)的，即在吸收塔內(nèi)的加壓、常溫條件下與沼氣中的二氧化碳發(fā)生吸收反應(yīng)進(jìn)行脫碳提純甲烷，吸收富液在再生塔內(nèi)的減壓、加熱條件下發(fā)生逆向解析反應(yīng)，釋放出高純度的二氧化碳?xì)怏w，同時富液得到再生具備重新吸收二氧化碳的能力，從而實現(xiàn)沼氣在吸收塔內(nèi)的連續(xù)脫碳提純甲烷過程，并使得脫碳液進(jìn)行連續(xù)的吸收、再生循環(huán)工作。
Absorption and purification method: It is realized by utilizing the physical and chemical absorption characteristics of organic amine solutions (primary, secondary, tertiary, sterically hindered, etc.) and carbon dioxide, that is, under pressure and normal temperature in the absorption tower, an absorption reaction occurs with carbon dioxide in the biogas to decarbonize and purify methane, and the absorption rich liquid undergoes a reverse desorption reaction under reduced pressure and heating conditions in the regeneration tower, releasing highly purified carbon dioxide gas, At the same time, the regeneration of the rich liquid has the ability to reabsorb carbon dioxide, thereby realizing the continuous decarbonization and purification of methane in the absorption tower, and allowing the decarbonization liquid to undergo continuous absorption and regeneration cycles.
變壓吸附提純法：利用吸附劑(如分子篩等)對二氧化碳的選擇性吸附特點, 即在吸附劑上二氧化碳相對其他氣態(tài)組分有較高的分離系數(shù), 來達(dá)到對沼氣中二氧化碳進(jìn)行脫除的目的。在吸附過程中，原料氣在加壓條件下其中的二氧化碳被吸附在吸附塔內(nèi)，甲烷等其他弱吸附性氣體作為凈化氣排出，當(dāng)吸附飽和后將吸附柱減壓甚至抽成真空使被吸附的二氧化碳釋放出來。為了保證對氣體的連續(xù)處理要求，變壓吸附法至少需要兩個吸附塔, 也可是三塔、四塔或更多。
Pressure swing adsorption purification method: Utilize the selective adsorption characteristics of adsorbents (such as molecular sieves) for carbon dioxide, which means that carbon dioxide has a high separation coefficient compared to other gaseous components on the adsorbent, to achieve the purpose of removing carbon dioxide from biogas. During the adsorption process, carbon dioxide in the feed gas is adsorbed in the adsorption tower under pressure, and other weakly adsorbing gases such as methane are discharged as purified gas. When the adsorption is saturated, the adsorption column is depressurized or even evacuated to release the adsorbed carbon dioxide. In order to ensure the continuous treatment requirements for gases, the pressure swing adsorption method requires at least two adsorption towers, which can also be three, four, or more.
低溫冷凝提純法：利用二氧化碳液化溫度高的特點，通過低溫作用使沼氣中的二氧化碳被液化，甲烷組分作為不凝氣以提純產(chǎn)品氣排出。為了降低運行能耗，通常采用回?zé)峒夹g(shù)將剩余冷量進(jìn)行回收。
Low temperature condensation purification method: Utilizing the characteristics of high liquefaction temperature of carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide in biogas is liquefied by low-temperature action, and the methane component is discharged as non-condensable gas to purify the product gas. In order to reduce operating energy consumption, regenerative technology is usually used to recover the remaining cooling capacity.
膜分離提純法：利用不同氣體組分在壓力驅(qū)動下通過膜的滲透性作用的不同來實現(xiàn)的，通常情況下二氧化碳的滲透速度快，作為快氣以透過氣排出，甲烷的滲透速度慢，作為慢氣以透余氣形式獲得提純產(chǎn)品氣。在工程中，為了提高甲烷氣的濃度，常采用多級膜分離工藝。
Membrane separation and purification method: It is realized by using different gas components under pressure driving through different membrane permeability effects. Generally, carbon dioxide has a fast permeation rate, and as a fast gas, it is discharged through gas, while methane has a slow permeation rate, and as a slow gas, it is obtained as purified product gas in the form of permeable residual gas. In engineering, multi-stage membrane separation processes are often used to improve the concentration of methane gas.
沼氣提純項目我們采用膜分離技術(shù)，以沼氣為原料，經(jīng)過壓縮、過濾、膜分離和增壓單元，通過合理的流程設(shè)計，將沼氣提純制備為符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CNG產(chǎn)品。
In the biogas purification project, we use membrane separation technology, using biogas as raw material, through compression, filtration, membrane separation, and pressurization units, and through reasonable process design, to purify biogas into CNG products that meet the national standard "Compressed Natural Gas for Vehicles" (GB18047).
膜分離技術(shù)是利用薄膜材料對各種氣體的滲透率不同來實現(xiàn)氣體分離的一種技術(shù)。膜分離的主要驅(qū)動力是截留側(cè)(中空纖維內(nèi)部)和滲透側(cè)(中空纖維外部)中間的壓力差。這個差值越高，通過滲透膜的氣體比重越大。氣體的滲透速率取決于膜材料的溶解度和擴(kuò)散速率。不同的氣體在膜材料中的滲透速率不同。
Membrane separation technology is a technology that utilizes the different permeability of membrane materials to various gases to achieve gas separation. The main driving force for membrane separation is the pressure difference between the interception side (inside the hollow fiber) and the permeation side (outside the hollow fiber). The higher the difference, the greater the specific gravity of the gas passing through the osmotic membrane. The gas permeation rate depends on the solubility and diffusion rate of the membrane material. Different gases have different permeation rates in membrane materials.
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2023-03-23
